老師你好,我是一位正在自修考12月的學生Gary,想請教您CFA中專業行為準則的additional compensation arrangement及disclosure of conflicts,要如何分辨。我在寫08 study notes模擬試題exam 2/afternoon session/13題遇到困難,望老師撥冗指教,感激不盡!
答覆:
針對你的問題,我以下列三段來回答你:
一、題目的英文原文;二、中文的題意;三、解題技巧。
一、題目的英文原文如下:
13. Marie Marshall, CFA, is a registered representative for Everest Broker - Dealer who maintains a client base of high net worth individuals, trusts, endowments, and foundations. Such clients pay Everest a quarterly fee, as well as reduced commission costs on securities transactions. Marshall receives compensation based on the overall success of the firm, along with a recently implemented quarterly bonus based on the trading volume in her clients ' accounts. During her annual portfolio reviews with clients, Marshall receives several questions regarding recent increases in portfolio turnover. Marshall truthfully indicates that recent increases in volatility caused the firm to make more tactical investment recommendations in client portfolios which resulted in increased portfolio turnover during the period. By not disclosing the new compensation arrangement, Marshall has:
A. violated Standard V ( B ) Communication with Clients and Prospective Clients.
B. violated Standard IV ( B ) Additional Compensation Arrangements.
C. violated Standard VI ( A ) Disclosure of Conflicts.
D. not violated the Standards of Professional Conduct.
二、中文題意如下:
Marshall, CFA為Everest經紀商-交易商的註冊代表。該公司的主要客戶為高淨值個人、信託、捐贈基金與基金會。這些客戶每季付費給公司。該公司最近增加新的季獎金辦法,根據客戶帳戶交易量作為發放獎金的標準。Marshall在與客戶檢討年投資組合績效時,客戶質疑投資組合所增加的週轉率。Marshall說明公司真正是因為最近市場的波動較大,因而提供較多策略性的投資建議,使得該期的投資組合週轉率較大。若Marshall未揭露新的酬勞約定,則:
A. 違反V(B)與客戶及潛在客戶溝通的準則
B. 違反IV(B)額外報酬約定的準則
C. 違反VI(A)利益衝突的揭露
D. 未違反職業行為準則
答案:C正確
三、解題技巧:
在VII.利益衝突之(A)衝突的揭露準則之下:
CFA會員與CFA考生應向現有及潛在客戶揭露「會傷害獨立性或客觀性之事項」。
該題的Marshall並未揭露「公司最近所實施的季獎金,係根據客戶帳戶交易量多寡為發放標準」。
因為Marshall的獎金來自客戶帳戶的交易量,因此很容易為了增加獎金而增加投資組合週轉率。可是客戶投資組合的週轉率一增加,就會增加客戶的費用。顯然Marshall與客戶的利益有了衝突。雇主發放的季獎金是一個「會傷害獨立性或客觀性的事實」,即使Marshall真正是為了客戶的利益而須增加投資組合的週轉率(如題目所言),仍因為Marshall未揭露新的酬勞約定,而就違反「利益衝突的揭露」,因此答案為C。
考生若對「額外酬勞約定」的定義了解得不夠深入,就會在這裡容易被搞混。
在IV對雇主的責任之(B)額外酬勞約定準則之下:
「額外酬勞是客戶的直接與間接酬勞或從第三者收到的利益」。而本題的季獎金係由雇主所發放,並不是由客戶或第三者所給予,故不符合「額外酬勞」的定義內。因此,本題並未違反「額外酬勞約定」。