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October 28, 2008
FRM問題-你問我答(十二之二)


問題二:Example 11- 6 : FRM Exam 2000- Question 96

Which one of the following statements about the historical U.S. Treasury yield curve changes is true ?
a ) Changes in long-term yields tend to be larger than changes in short- term yields.
b ) Changes in long-term yields tend to be of approximately the same size as changes in short-term yields.
c ) The same size yield change in both long-term and short-term rates tends to produce a larger price change in short-term instruments when all securities are trading near par.
d ) The largest part of total return variability of spot rates is due to parallel changes, with a smaller portion due to slope changes and the residual due to curvature changes.
不懂為何短期利率的變動為大於長期的??

 

答覆:

英文解答:

d ) Most of the movements in yields can be explained by a single-factor model, or parallel moves. Once this effect is taken into account, short- term yields move more than long-term yields , so a ) and b ) are wrong.

這個題目是在問,美國公債歷史殖利率曲線變動在下列四個陳述中何者為真?

若要解答這個問題,要先了解在歷史殖利率曲線的變動中主要有三個因子:第一個因子是平行移動,第二個因子是斜率變動,第三個因子是凸性變動。

而從實證研究發現殖利率曲線的變動中,有94%可由平行移動因子所解釋,而有4%可由斜率變動因子所解釋,而剩下的變動有時可由凸性變動因子所解釋。

答案a)是說長期殖利率的變動大於短期殖利率。

顯然與事實顛倒,因此,不對。

答案b)是說長期殖利率的變動與短期殖利率的變動幾乎相同。

顯然與事實不符,因此,不對。

答案c)是說當所有證券是以接近面額在交易時,長期與短期利率的相同殖利率變動,會產生短期證券的較大價格變動。

顯然也與事實顛倒,因此,不對。

答案d)大部分的即期利率總報酬率波動可歸因於平行變動,而較小的部分可歸因於斜率變動及剩下的變動可歸因於凸性變動。

此與實證結果相符,因此,答案為(d)。

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